Morbidité et mortalité du tétanos dans le service de maladies infectieuses du CHU du Point G à Bamako, Mali (2004–2009)

Our study objectives were to determine annual cases of the tetanus and to describe its clinical, evolutionary and prognostic aspects. It was a transverse study from data records and medical records of patients aged 15 years and above hospitalized for tetanus in the service of infectious diseases of the Point G CHU from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2009. The tetanus was diagnosed based on clinical (trismus, dysphagia, seizures and point consecutive to an injury) and epidemiological arguments (absence of a correct tetanus immunization, entryway). We collected a total of 119 cases of tetanus out of 1,839 hospitalizations making a prevalence of 6.5%. The hospitalization period was 5 days (73%) for most of the patients. Unskilled laborer and farmers were the most frequent with respectively 30.2 and 21.8% of cases. Tetanus occurred in the course of a traumatic road accident (16%) and from other traumatic causes (48.7%). The clinical form was a generalized type for 94.4% of the cases. A wound was the entryway for 64.7% of the patients. The entryway was located on the lower members D.K. Minta (*) · A.M. Traoré (*) · A.K. Soucko · M. Dembélé · M.S. Dicko · I. Coulibaly · N.G.E. Maboune · B. Ba-Sall · A.K. Traoré · H.A. Traoré Service de maladies infectieuses et de médecine interne, CHU du Point G, BP 333, Bamako, Mali e-mail : [email protected], [email protected] Y. Coulibaly · N. Diany Service de réanimation, CHU du Point G et Gabriel-Touré, BP 333, Bamako, Mali N. Koné Direction nationale de la santé–Centre national d’immunisation, BP 233, Bamako, Mali Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. (2012) 105:58-63 DOI 10.1007/s13149-011-0204-y